12/25/2023 0 Comments Fallout shelter storage color codeThis incident, together with the relative simplicity of their production, makes them an attractive terrorist weapon. This attack illustrates the one single characteristic of CW agents that allows them to be considered as WMD. The largest single CW attack killing around 5,000 people followed an Iraqi nerve agent attack on the Kurdish civilian population of Halabja. The only major use of CW since WWI occurred during the Iran–Iraq War in the 1980s. Agent Orange – a defoliant – was used by the USA during the Vietnam War. Millions of innocent civilians were killed by the Nazis with Zyklon B gas (hydrogen cyanide gas) during World War II. The use of these toxic chemicals, including phosgene, sulfur mustard and lewisites caused 100,000 deaths and 1.2 million casualties in World War I (WWI). Thus, the birth of modern CW was ushered in by the German gas attack with chlorine on 22 nd April 1915 at Ypres, Belgium. The use of poisonous chemicals from plant extracts to poison individuals is widely documented throughout the Middle Ages and Renaissance, but it was not until the expansion of industrial chemistry in the 19 th century that mass production and deployment of CW agents in war became a possibility. According to the CWC, chemical weapons are defined as toxic chemicals and their precursors, munitions and devices, and any equipment specifically designed for use directly in connection with such weapons. high toxicity, imperceptibility to senses and rapidity of action after dissemination and persistency, and are listed as scheduled chemicals in the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC). Thousands of toxic substances are known, but only some of them are considered as CW agents based on their characteristics, viz. They differ from explosive chemicals in which the destructive effects are caused by shear force and are localized. These CW agents have either lethal or incapacitating effects on humans. CW agents are extremely toxic synthetic chemicals that can be dispersed as a gas, liquid or aerosol or as agents adsorbed to particles to become a powder. Among the Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD), chemical warfare (CW) is probably one of the most brutal created by mankind.
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